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# Writing Guide
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Voice, tone, and language standards for documentation.
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---
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## Voice Principles
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### Be Direct
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Not: "It should be noted that the configuration file needs to be updated."
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Yes: "Update the configuration file."
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Not: "Users may find it helpful to restart the server."
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Yes: "Restart the server."
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### Address the Reader
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Not: "Developers can use the API to..."
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Yes: "Use the API to..."
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Not: "One might consider..."
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Yes: "Consider..."
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### Present Tense, Active Voice
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Not: "The file will be created when..."
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Yes: "The file is created when..."
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Not: "The request is processed by the server."
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Yes: "The server processes the request."
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---
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## Words That Weaken
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Remove these. They add nothing:
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| Remove | Why |
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|--------|-----|
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| simply, just, easily | Implies difficulty is your fault |
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| obviously, clearly | If it were obvious, you wouldn't write it |
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| please | Unnecessary in instructions |
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| in order to | "To" works |
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| it is important to note that | Just state it |
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| basically | Delete |
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| actually | Delete |
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**Before:** "Simply run the following command to easily set up..."
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**After:** "Run the command to set up..."
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---
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## Inclusive Language
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### Required Replacements
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| Don't Use | Use Instead |
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|-----------|-------------|
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| whitelist / blacklist | allowlist / blocklist |
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| master / slave | primary / replica, main / secondary |
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| master branch | main branch |
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| sanity check | confidence check, validation, smoke test |
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| dummy (value/data) | placeholder, sample, test |
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| cripple | disable, impair, limit |
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| blind to | unaware of, ignoring |
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| crazy, insane | unexpected, surprising, intense |
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| man-hours | person-hours, engineering hours |
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| manpower | workforce, staffing |
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| guys | folks, everyone, team, y'all |
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| he/she, his/her | they, their |
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| normal users | typical users, most users |
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### Writing About People
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**Disability:**
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- Not: "suffers from," "victim of," "wheelchair-bound"
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- Yes: "has," "uses a wheelchair," "with [condition]"
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**Age:**
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- Not: "the elderly," "seniors"
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- Yes: "older adults"
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**Experience level:**
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- Not: "for dummies," "idiot's guide"
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- Yes: "introduction," "getting started"
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### Cultural Sensitivity
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- Avoid US-centric examples (Thanksgiving, Super Bowl, Fahrenheit)
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- Use ISO date format: 2024-01-15, not 01/15/2024
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- Use 24-hour time or specify timezone
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- Don't assume everyone celebrates the same holidays
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---
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## Second Person "You"
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Always address the reader directly:
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Not: "The user should configure their settings."
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Yes: "Configure your settings."
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Not: "Developers will need to install..."
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Yes: "Install..."
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**When to use "we":**
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- Only when the reader is genuinely working WITH you
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- "We'll build this together" (in a collaborative tutorial)
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- Never use "we" to mean "our company"
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---
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## Code in Prose
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### Commands
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Use backticks and be specific:
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Not: "Run the build command."
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Yes: "Run `npm run build`."
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### Filenames and Paths
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Always in backticks: `docusaurus.config.ts`, `src/pages/`
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### Configuration Values
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In backticks: Set `trailingSlash` to `false`.
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### Placeholders
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Use angle brackets and ALL_CAPS:
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/<YOUR_USERNAME>/<REPO_NAME>
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```
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Not `{username}` or `$USERNAME` in documentation prose.
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---
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## Headings
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### Capitalization
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Use sentence case, not title case:
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Not: "How To Configure Your Build Settings"
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Yes: "How to configure your build settings"
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### Parallel Structure
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If one heading starts with a verb, they all should:
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**Good:**
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- Install dependencies
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- Configure the project
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- Deploy to production
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**Bad:**
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- Installation
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- Configure the project
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- Deploying to production
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### Depth
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Never go past H3 in a single page. If you need H4, the page is too complex—split it.
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---
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## Lists
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### When to Use Bullets vs. Numbers
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**Numbers:** When order matters (steps, priority)
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**Bullets:** When order doesn't matter (features, options)
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### List Formatting
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Each item should be grammatically parallel:
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**Good:**
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- Configure the database
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- Set up authentication
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- Deploy the application
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**Bad:**
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- Database configuration
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- Set up authentication
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- The application should be deployed
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### Sentence Fragments OK
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In lists, sentence fragments are fine:
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- Fast builds
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- Hot reloading
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- TypeScript support
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---
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## Examples
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### Show, Don't Tell
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Not: "The configuration accepts various options for customization."
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Yes:
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```javascript
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{
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theme: 'dark',
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language: 'en',
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}
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```
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### Minimal, Then Complete
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Show the simplest working example first:
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```javascript
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// Minimal
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{ name: 'my-project' }
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```
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Then show comprehensive:
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```javascript
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// With all options
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{
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name: 'my-project',
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version: '1.0.0',
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// ...
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}
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```
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### Comments in Code
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Use comments to explain WHY, not WHAT:
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```javascript
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// Good: Explains reasoning
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timeout: 30000, // Matches API's default request timeout
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// Bad: States the obvious
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timeout: 30000, // Set timeout to 30000
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```
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---
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## Error Messages
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When documenting errors:
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1. Show the exact error message the user sees
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2. Explain what caused it
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3. Give the fix
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```
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Error: Cannot find module 'react'
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```
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**Cause:** Dependencies aren't installed.
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**Fix:** Run `npm install` in your project directory.
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---
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## Checklist Before Publishing
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- [ ] Title describes what the reader will DO
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- [ ] Description is under 160 characters
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- [ ] No "simple," "easy," "just," or "obviously"
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- [ ] All code examples tested and working
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- [ ] Links to related pages (no dead ends)
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- [ ] Heading structure: H1 → H2 → H3 only
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- [ ] Inclusive language throughout
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